In grammar translation classes, students learn grammatical rules and then apply those rules by translating sentences between the target language and the native language. In this method, classes are taught in the students mother tongue, with little active use of. It is a method of teaching languages by which students learn grammatical rules and then apply those rules by translating between the target language and the native language. The grammartranslation method gtm evolved from the classical method that was used from the 15th century in the teaching of latin and greek both longsince dead languages. A contrastive study of the grammar translation and the direct. Translation in teaching and learning is the heritage of the grammar translation method gtm developed many centuries ago. Vocabulary words are chosen from the reading text used. Nov 14, 2015 advantages and disadvantages of grammar translation methods the advantages of the grammar translation method.
Comparative study of grammar translation method gtm and. Specifically, both grammartranslation method and communicative language teaching method were compared and contrasted. As latin transitioned from being a language heard on the streets into a language subject, studying it took on a different reasoning. Grammar translation method, in order to both understand how it works and why it has shown such tenacity as an acceptable e ven recommended or respected language teaching philosophy in many countries and institutions around the world.
The following are the advantages of the translation method for teaching of english as second language. Summary of the principles of the grammar translation method the objective of the method is to be able to read and understand written target language literature. Grammar translation method objectives, techniques and. Pdf grammar translation method gtm sandy armansyah. Foundations level one level two level three students will build an elementary understanding of form, meaning and use in varied discourse settings. How to use the grammar translation method simplyeducate. To be able to translate from one language to another. You wouldnt be using it to buy apples at the market, in any case. Lessons begin with a dialogue using a modern conversational style in the target language.
A study of the teaching and learning of english grammar in the chinese junior secondary school by yao ju. A study of the teaching and learning of english grammar in the chinese junior secondary school by yao ju a thesis presented to the department of literature, area studies and european languages faculty of humanities the university of oslo in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the ma degree autumn semester, 2010. Pdf a survey of teaching strategies in esl classroom. To better describe the approach, we classify the variables involved in gtm instruction settings into 6 components. The effectiveness of grammar translation method in. As we mentioned before that the main objectives of the grammar translation method are to enrich the latin and greek literature in order to get the benefit of the mental discipline and intellectual abilities which is the result from the foreign language study. The grammartranslation method and the use of translation to. Pdf the effectiveness of grammar translation method in. In the gtm, students native language is the medium of instruction and they are expected to gain translation skills good enough to be able to analyze the grammar rules of the target language made. Translation procedures, strategies and methods by mahmoud ordudari abstract translating culturespecific concepts cscs in general and allusions in particular seem to be one of the most challenging tasks to be performed by a translator. Latin was the worlds most used language, today, english. Aqel department of english language and literature, faculty of arts, mutah university, jordan abstract the goal of this research is to investigate the effect of using grammar translation method on acquiring english as a foreign language. A chart outlines characteristics of these aspects of the methods. A historical perspective it has been estimated that 60 percent of the world population is multilingual.
Objectives the ultimate objective to be able to read, understand and. Gabriel tejada molina, maria luisa perez canado, and gloria luque agullo faculty of humanities and education, university of jaen 1. In eclectic approach, the teacher can choose from these different methods and approaches. Teaching approaches grammar transalation method free download as powerpoint presentation. Dmt grammar translation method l1 first languagemother tongue. In pakistan english is the second language of people. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the grammar translation method in teaching english language as second language. Lesson plan based on grammar translation method gtm. How does this method fit with a cognitive approach to second language teaching.
The believers in the natural method argued that a foreign language could be taught without translation or the use of the learners native tongue if meaning was conveyed directly through demonstration and action. Pdf a lesson plan based on grammar translation method. Objectives most teachers who employ the grammar translation method to teach english would probably tell. The grammartranslation method is a method of teaching foreign languages derived from the. Conclusion grammar translation method gtm is on of classical method that is used in teaching foreign language. The main purpose of this method is to enrich their literature and language reading proficiency as well. Grammar translation method gtm versus communicative language teaching clt. It also includes some ideas in teaching english as a second or foreign language.
A contrastive study of the grammar translation and the. Direct method, the audiolingual method, the silent way, suggestopedia, community language learning, the total physical response method, and the communicative approach. The grammartranslation method became the system used to teach dead languages like latin and greek for an academic and intellectual function. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the grammartranslation method in teaching english language as second language. Gtm, formalized in germany in the late18th century, similarly places little or no emphasis on actually speaking or. The grammar translation method is a foreign language teaching method derived from the classical sometimes called traditional method of teaching greek and latin. Grammar translation method is a foreign language teaching method that originated in the late 19th and early 20th century. Lesson plan of classification of animals according to eating habits general science grade iv. Both of them are very interesting methods but they have the very obvious differences in terms of the approach and history of theory since gtm is a very classic method in contrast clt is one of the latest methods that is used by. The method used to teach it overwhelmingly bore those objectives in mind, and came to be known as the classical method. The direct method this method came into practice as a solution for the problems confronted by the teachers who used the grammar translation method in their classrooms.
This paper is going to elaborate about the grammar translation method gtm that. Nov 11, 2011 a survey of teaching strategies in esl classroom 317 was called classical method, as it was taught firstl y in the teaching of the classical languages latin and greek freeman, 2000. T is to supply the most suitable translation when possible. Grammar is the soul of language and a foreign language can be easily learnt through translation. The objective of this study was to conduct a contrastive study of grammar translation method gtm and direct method dm at secondary level to assess how far each method is effective in teaching. It is also called the classical method of teaching english. Gtm, formalized in germany in the late18th century, similarly. The grammar translation method embraces a wide range of approaches but, broadly speaking, foreign language study is seen as a mental discipline, the goal of which may be to read literature in its original form or simply to be a form of intellectual development. The focus at this time was on the translation of texts, grammar, and rote learning of vocabulary. But since the last decade of the 20 th century, revival of interest in the use of translation and use of l1 in foreign language teaching has been noticeable. How a method is manifest in the class oom will depend heavily on the individual teachers interpretatit n of its principles. The grammar translation method is a method of teaching foreign languages derived from the classical sometimes called traditional method of teaching greek and latin.
This method has been used from the classical times to translate classical languages, latin and greek, it has been called classical method. Comparative study of grammar translation method gtm. Pdf grammar translation method gtm versus communicative. They are told to be willing to read one or two sentences given in the reading passage and translate these sentences into their mother tongue arabic. You may have studied a language in this way, or you may be teaching with this method right now. As the grammar translation method has been practiced as the most popular one for the teaching of second languages, therefore, we inaugurate our research with the discussion on this method. But then, conservatively or conventionally most of the teachers are happy at explaining the meaning of a text in english language, as if it is a subject. The grammar translation method introduction the grammar translation method is not new. The direct method of teaching english is one the most widely known methods.
From the turn of the nineteenth century until the late 1940s, the. Pdf this chapter emerged out of the need to demonstrate how a traditional but still a widely implemented language teaching method, i. The activity is repeated till the end of the text, and then the students are ordered to memorize the grammar rule of the text and the translation of the words in the text. Grammar translation method, teaching methods, direct method. Elaborate explanations of grammar are always provided. Using translation in esp teaching and learning is an important issue but it has been very scarcely researched so far because of the negative connotations with the grammar translation method. For some, the grammar translation method is not a method, but a nontheorybased approach. This approach became known as the grammar translation method, originated in germany. Principles of grammar translation method bocahsuwungs blog. To memorize grammar rules and vocabulary of the target language. Sometimes also known as the classical method, this is a traditional teaching technique that was used to teach latin and greek and was particularly in vogue during the 16th century. The culture of the target language is confined to the literature and the fine arts literary language is superior to spoken language.
Lesson plan the direct method, also called natural method, was established in germany and france around 1900. The main objectives of the grammar translation method are given below. The grammar translation method derived from traditional approaches to the teaching of latin and greek and it was the predominant method in europe in the 19th century. Advantages and disadvantages of grammar translation methods. A contrastive study of the grammar translation and the direct methods of teaching. In educational institutes english is taught a compulsory subject. This method usually teaches the classical or dead language for example. The direct method the direct method began as a complete departure from the grammar translation method. Material is first presented orally with actions or pictures. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the grammar. The english lecturer still implemented the conventional method in teaching such as grammar translation, audio lingual and direct method in which he tended to directly ask them to create and memorize dialogues without giving enough time to practice together and take part in speaking activities. A second video covers how to determine the translation that has occurred. I have chosen these two approaches because, in my activities might be suitable for one person and wrong for. It enjoyed immense popularity because it overcame the two major defects of the grammar translation method.
Students will be able to recognize and understand the meaning of targeted grammatical structures in written and spoken form. The effect of using grammar translation method on acquiring english as a foreign language ishraq m. Dec, 20 the grammar translation method of teaching english the grammar translation method is a method of teaching foreign languages derived from the classical method of teaching greek and latin late 19th and early 20th centuries it was essentially based on the use of l1mother tongue and l2target language 3. Howatts a history of english language teaching gives a detailed account of the factors that contributed to the grammar translation method. It appeared as an answer to the shortcomings of the grammar translation method. Lesson plan based on grammar translation method gtm when teaching grammar using gtm, ss are seated in rows. Didarul islam and others published a lesson plan based on grammar translation method find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Grammar instruction provides the rules for putting words together. At one time it was called the classical method since it was first used in the teaching of the classical languages, latin and greek chastain 1988.
Pdf the grammartranslation method and the use of translation. The major focus is on reading and writing with little or no systematic attention to listening and speaking. Instead of focusing on reading and writing, this method focused on speaking and listening. What are its advantages and disadvantages in teaching english language. Grammartranslation method language teaching methods. It has had different names, but it has been used by language teachers for many years. Grammartranslation method the teacher set of instruments. What is grammar translation method in language teaching. Initial principles of grammar translation method this has been just a brief introduction to the grammar translation method, but it is probably true that this method is not new to many of you. Because nobody spoke it in daily affairs, proper pronunciation, diction, etc. The direct method the direct method began as a complete departure from the grammartranslation method. In grammar translation method, the first language is maintained as the reference system in the learning of the second language. Grammar translation method is basically used to teach.
A study of the teaching and learning of english grammar in. However, in the 16th century, french, italian and english became dominant in spoken and written communication. Vocabulary is taught in the form of isolated word lists. Grammar translation method was called the classical method since it was first used in the teaching of the classical language, latin and greek chastain 1988. Comparative study of grammar translation method gtm and communicative language teaching clt in language teaching methodology their lessons. By the end of the lesson ss will be able to fluent in.
It is a method for teaching foreign languages that uses the target language, discarding any use of mother tongue in the classroom. It substituted language contact for grammar recitation and language use for translation. Grammar translation method is the oldest method of learning any language. Find grammar translation method lesson plans and teaching resources. Translation method means teaching a target language here it. This purpose can be reached by learning about the grammar rules and vocabulary of the target language. Due to the system of education, due to the nonavailability of the. This method has enjoyed a very good reputation among the indian teachers and the students, still enjoying. Specifically, both grammar translation method and communicative language teaching method were compared and contrasted.
Ofcourse, what is decribed here is only an abstraction. Latin and greek were taught to promote the intellect and virtually no attempt was made to speak them. As larsenfreeman explains, at one time, the grammar translation method was called the classical method since it was first used in the teaching of the classical languages. In the teaching of english as foreign language, it has enjoyed a great reputation in the past at present also, many teachers prefer to teach english by this method. It enjoyed immense popularity because it overcame the two major defects of the grammartranslation method. To be able to read literature written in the target language.
The direct and the grammar translation methods english. This grammar translation method is also called classical method of teaching english. The objective of this study was to conduct a contrastive study of grammar translation method gtm and direct method dm at secondary level to assess how far each method is effective in teaching a foreign language. The origin of this method lie in an attempt to teach languages by grammar and translation where the learners have to gather.
The advocates of this method believed that a language was best. It is now more commonly known in foreign language teaching circles as the grammar translation method. Grammar translation approach in this method, classes are taught in the students mother tongue, with little active use of the target language. The purpose of the grammar translation method was to help students read and understand foreign language literature larsenfreeman, 2000. The direct method, also called natural method, was established in germany and france around 1900. The grammar translation method gtm is an method of second language instruction based mostly on the translation of passages from the native language into the target language.
To realize that objective there are many methods that have appeared in field of teaching esl and efl. The focal goal is grounded in determining whether clt alone is an allcure approach. Teacher followed grammar translation method gtm, and i found that was. Foundations level one level two level three students will build an elementary understanding of. Grammar translation method gtm versus communicative. Jun 22, 2007 the method used to teach it overwhelmingly bore those objectives in mind, and came to be known as the classical method.